(Tap footnote to read it. Old Testament quotations/allusions are underlined. [Brackets] indicate a textual variant.fnWhen two (or more) different copies of an original manuscript disagree on any given word or phrase — addition, omission, word order, etc. — the disagreement is called a "textual variant". ~99% of existing textual variants are either minor (like spelling), obviously not original (often appearing only in a few late manuscripts), or don't affect meaning (like "Jesus Christ" vs. "Christ Jesus"). The ~1% that remain do not affect any central doctrine of Christianity. The BOS Bible only marks significant textual variants that affect the meaning; smaller variants that do not affect meaning won't be marked for readability. "Love" with a caret ("^love") is agapé.fn"agapé" The Greek words ἀγάπη (agapé, noun), and ἀγαπάω (agapaó; verb) are typically translated "love". However, unlike our English word "love" – which primarily speaks of affection and feelings — agapé centers on choice and behavior. It’s the "love" based on will, choice, behavior, and action; not feelings. (Feelings-based love is the Greek word φιλέω (phileó), which properly means "brotherly love/affection".) Thus, you could hate someone passionately and still treat him with "agapé". Agapé "love" is best understood as the pursuit of what is most beneficial to someone or something, regardless of the cost to yourself or the type of response received from the person or thing. It can also indicate a preference for someone or something over other things. An asterisk (*) indicates a verb in the Greek perfect tense.fnThe Greek perfect tense signifies a completed action in the past with a result and/or an ongoing state that extends into the present. For example, Hebrews 12:2 says in part: "He *sat down at the right hand of the throne of God"; the verb for "sat" is in the perfect tense, indicating that He sat down once (completed action in the past), and also that He remains seated until the present moment (ongoing state).)
The weaker brother
- 1 And welcome the man who’s weak in faith, but not for judging his unsettled opinions.fn“unsettled opinions” is one word in Greek. It refers to inward deliberation/reasoning about a matter, often with the added nuance of anxiety, confusion, or uncertainty about the matter. In this context, it likely refers to an opinion that is weak (loosely held), or one that he feels uneasy or anxious about.
- 2 Indeed, a man who believes is able to eat all things, but the weak man eats only vegetables.
- 3 Let the man eating not disdain the man not eating; and let the man not eating not judge the man eating, for God welcomed him.
- 4 Who are you to judge the household servant of another? He stands or falls to his own master, but he will stand, for the Lordfn“the Lord”, many manuscripts say “God” here instead. is able to make him stand.
- 5 For indeed, one man esteems one day above another day, but another esteems every day the same. Let each man be fully convinced in his own mind.
- 6 The man observing the day observes it for the Lord. [And the man not observing the day does not observe it for the Lord.] The man eating eats to the Lord, for he thanks God. And the man not eating doesn’t eat to the Lord, and he thanks God.
- 7 For none of us lives for himself and none dies for himself.
- 8 Forfn“For” is literally “For both” or “For whether” if we live, we live for the Lord; and if we die, we die for the Lord. Therefore, whether we live or whether we die, we are the Lord’s.
- 9 For the Anointed died and lived again for this purpose: so He might rule over both the dead and the living.
- 10 But you, why do you judge your brother? Or why do you also disdain your brother? For we will all stand before the judgement seat of [God].fn“God”, many manuscripts say “the Anointed” here instead.
- 11 For it is *written: “As I live, says the Lord, every knee will bow to Me, and every tongue will confess allegiance to God.”fnquotation/allusion to Isaiah 45:23; see also Philippians 2:10-11.
- 12 So then, each of us will give an account concerning himself to God.
- 13 Therefore, we should no longer judge one another, but rather resolve this: not to put a stumbling block or bait that ensnaresfn“bait that ensnares” is a single word in the Greek. It specifically refers to a “bait stick”, meaning the trigger stick of a trap or snare to which the bait is attached. Think of the part of a mouse trap to which you affix the cheese. On reaching for the bait, the “bait stick” triggers the trap and ensnares the unsuspecting victim. It can also refer to offending someone or to someone stumbling. before your brother.
- 14 I *know and have been convinced in the Lord Jesus that nothing is unclean because of itself, except to the man considering something to be unclean; to that man, it’s unclean.
- 15 For if your brother is grieved because of food, you no longer walk according to ^love. Don’t utterly ruin with your food that man for whose sake the Anointed died.
- 16 Therefore, don’t let your good be slandered as evil.
- 17 For the kingdom of God isn’t eating and drinking, but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit.
- 18 For the man serving the Anointed in this is pleasing to God and approved by men.
- 19 So then, we should pursue the things of peace, and the things for building up one another.
- 20 Don’t demolish the work of God for the sake of food. All things are indeed clean, but they are evil to the man who’s eating through bait that ensnares.fn“bait that ensnares” see note on verse 13.
- 21 It’s good not to eat meat, nor to drink wine, nor to do anything by which your brother stumbles, or is ensnared, or is weak.
- 22 The faith that you have, have it in yourself in the sight of God. Blessed is the man not condemning himself in what he approves.
- 23 But if the man doubting eats, he is *condemned because it’s not from faith, and everything that’s not from faith is sin.
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