(Tap footnote to read it. Old Testament quotations are underlined. "Love" with a caret ("^love") is agapé.fn"agapé" The Greek words ἀγάπη (agapé, noun), and ἀγαπάω (agapaó; verb) are typically translated "love". However, unlike our English word "love" – which primarily speaks of affection and feelings – agapé centers on choice and behavior. It’s the "love" based on will, choice, behavior, and action; not feelings. (Feelings-based love is the Greek word φιλέω (phileó), which properly means "brotherly love/affection".) Thus, you could hate someone passionately and still treat him with "agapé". Agapé "love" is best understood as the pursuit of what is most beneficial to someone or something, regardless of the cost to yourself or the type of response received from the person or thing. It can also indicate a preference for someone or something over other things. Verbs with an asterisk (*) are in the Greek perfect tense.)
The empty tomb
- And on the first day of the week, at early dawn, they came upon the tomb carrying spices which they had prepared.
- And they found the stone *rolled away from the tomb.
- But having entered into the tomb, they didn’t find the body of the Lord Jesus.
- And it happened while they were perplexed about this, thatfn“that” is literally “and” behold, two men stood by them in shining clothes.
- And with them having become terrified and bowing their faces to the ground, the two men said to them: “Why are you seeking the living among the dead?”
- “He isn’t here, but was raised. Remember how He told you while still being in Galilee,
- saying: “It’s necessary for the Son of Man to be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and to be crucified, and to rise again on the third day.”
- And they remembered His words.
- And having returned from the tomb, they reported all these things to the eleven and all the rest.
- And it was Mary Magdalene, and Joanna, and Mary the mother of James, and the rest of the women with them who were saying these things to the apostles.
- And their words appeared like nonsense in their sight, and they were disbelieving them.
- But having got up, Peter ran to the tomb. And having stooped low, he only sees the linen cloths inside. And he departed, marveling to himself at what *happened.
The road to Emmaus
- And behold, two of them were traveling on the same day to a distant village, sixty stadiafna “stadia” is ~606 English feet, or ~185 meters. Thus, sixty stadia would be ~6.89 miles, or ~11.1 kilometers. from Jerusalem, whose name was Emmaus,
- and they were conversing with each other about all these happenings.
- And it happened during their conversing and discussing, thatfn“that” is literally “and” having approached, Jesus Himself was traveling with them.
- But their eyes were being restrained so they didn’t recognize Him.
- And He said to them: “What are these words that you’re exchanging with each other while walking?” And they stood still, looking gloomy.
- And answering, the one named Cleopas said to Him: “Are you alone sojourning in Jerusalem and don’tfn“don’t” is literally “didn’t” know about the events which happened in it in these days?”
- And He said to them: “What events?” And they told Him: “The events concerning Jesus of Nazareth, who was a man, a prophet mighty in word and deed in the sight of God and all the people,
- “how both the chief priests and our rulers handed Him over to the sentence of death and crucified Him.
- “And we were hoping that He is the man about to redeemfn “redeem” This Greek word refers to the act of freeing a slave or prisoner of war by the payment of a ransom. Acts 20:28 and 1 Peter 1:18-19 make it clear that the “ransom” was Jesus’s blood, and verses like Romans 6:17 and 2 Timothy 2:26 indicate that we were slaves of sin and held captive by the devil respectively. There have been four major views on this ransom and what it means throughout church history: (1) The ransom was paid to God. (2) The ransom was paid to Satan to free us from his captivity. (3) The ransom was paid to death itself. (4) The ransom is metaphorical, similar to the idiom “He paid the ultimate price”. This view says that no one was “paid” anything, but rather that it cost Jesus something valuable (His life) to free us. This has precedent in the Old Testament, since 2 Samuel 7:23 says that God “redeemed” Israel from Egypt, and yet God didn’t “pay” anyone. Isaiah 52:3 promises that God will “redeem without money” as part of the intro to Isaiah 53, which is arguably the most famous prophecy about Jesus in the Old Testament. Israel, but assuredly also, with all these things, this day brings the third day from whenfn“when” is literally “which” these events happened.
- “But also, some women from among us stunned us. Having been at the tomb early,
- “and not having found His body, they also came to us claiming to have *seen a vision of angels who say He’s living.
- “And some of the men with us went to the tomb and they found it like this, even just as the women said, but they didn’t see Him.”
- And He said to them: “O, foolish men, and slow of heart to believe on all that the prophets spoke.”
- “Wasn’t it certainly necessary for the Anointed to suffer these things, and to enter into His glory?”
- And beginning from Moses and from all the prophets, He interpreted everythingfn“everything” is literally “all” in the scriptures about Himself to them.
- And they drew near to the village where they were traveling to, and He acted as though He planned to travel farther.
- And they urged Him, saying: “Remain with us, because it’s getting toward evening and the day is already *spent.” And He entered in to remain with them.
- And it happened during His reclining at the table with them, that having taken the bread, He blessed it; and having broken it, He was giving it to them.
- And their eyes were opened, and they recognized Him, and He became invisible from their sight.
- And they said to each other: “Weren’t our hearts certainly burning inside us as He was speaking to us on the road, as He was opening the scriptures to us?
Jesus appears in Jerusalem
- And having risen the same hour, they returned to Jerusalem, and they found the eleven and the men with them *gathered together,
- saying: “The Lord was surely raised, and He was seen by Simon.”
- And they were describing the things on the road, and how He was recognized by them by the breaking of the bread.
- And while they’re saying these things, He Himself stood in their midst and says to them: “Peace be with you.”
- But having been terrified and become afraid, they were thinking that they’re seeing a spirit.
- And He said to them: “Why are you troubled, and whyfn“why” is literally “because why” are doubts springing up in your hearts?”
- “See my hands and my feet, that I am He. Touch me and see, because a spirit doesn’t have flesh and bones as you observe Me having.”
- And having said this, He showed them His hands and His feet.
- And with them still disbelieving because offn“because of” is literally “from” their joy and marveling, He said to them: “Do you have something to eat here?”
- And they gave part of a broiled fish to Him.
- And having taken it, He ate it in their sight.
- And He said to them: “These are My words, which I spoke to you while still with you, that it’s necessary for all things *written about Me in the law of Moses, and the prophets, and the psalms to be fulfilled.”
- Then He opened their mind to understand the scriptures.
- And He told them: “It was *written thusly, that the Anointed was to suffer, and to rise from the dead on the third day,
- “and for repentance and forgiveness of sins to be proclaimed in His name to all nationsfn“nations” could also be translated “gentiles”, as the word can mean either depending on the context. beginning from Jerusalem.
- “You are witnesses of these things.
- “And behold, I Myself am sending the promise of My Father upon you. But you, remain in the city untilfn“until” is more literally “until which” you’re clothed in power from on high.”
The Ascension
- And He led them [out] as far as Bethany, and having raised His hands, He blessed them.
- And it happened during His blessing of them, that He departed from them, and was lifted into heaven.
- And after they worshiped Him, they returned to Jerusalem with great joy.
- And they were all continually in the temple praisingfn“Praising” could also be translated “blessing”, as the word can mean either depending on the context. God.
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